Characteristics of Friedel pairs and diffraction contrast tomography with non‐perpendicular rotation axis

The characteristics of Friedel pairs in diffraction contrast tomography (DCT) are studied in the condition that the rotation axis of the sample is not exactly perpendicular to the incident X‐ray direction. For the rotation axis approximately aligned along the vertical direction, the Friedel pairs close to the horizontal plane are insensitive to the non‐perpendicularity of the rotation axis, and can be used to refine the sample‐to‐detector distance and X‐ray energy, while the Friedel pairs close to the vertical direction are sensitive to the non‐perpendicularity of the rotation axis, and can be used to determine the rotation axis orientation. The correct matching proportion of Friedel pairs decreases with increasing non‐perpendicularity of the rotation axis. A method of data processing considering rotation axis misalignment is proposed, which significantly increases the correct matching and indexing proportions of the diffraction spots. A pure aluminium polycrystalline sample is investigated using DCT at beamline 4W1A of Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility. Based on the analysis of Friedel pairs, the sample‐to‐detector distance and X‐ray energy are refined to be 8.67 mm and 20.04 keV, respectively. The non‐perpendicular angle of the rotation axis is calculated to be 0.10°. With these refined geometric parameters, the matching proportion of the spatial position of diffraction spots is 90.62%. Three‐dimensional reconstruction of the sample with 13 grains is realised using the algebraic reconstruction technique. It is demonstrated that the precise correction of the orientation of the sample rotation axis is effective in DCT suffering from rotation axis misalignment, and the higher accuracy in determining the rotation axis is expected to improve the reconstruction precision of grains.     

基于ARM11的热力站远程水质监控系统设计

为实现对循环水水质的远程监测,设计并开发了一种基于嵌入式技术的热力站远程水质监测系统的监测终端。监测终端由水质传感器、GPRS模块、通信转换模块及嵌入式开发板组成。嵌入式开发板以ARM11系列的Tiny6410为硬件基础,并嵌入WinCE系统作为软件平台,同时加入SQLite数据库以实现将水质传感器采集到的氯离子、PH值、溶解氧等参数的本地存储、查询及图表显示。最后监测终端通过GPRS模块与数据中心建立无线连接,接收数据中心的配置命令,并将现场测得数据发送到远端数据中心。调试结果表明：远程监测终端实现了循环水水质远程监测的功能要求,对于实现水质自动化监测具有一定的理论意义和实用价值。     

Determination of Trace Elements in Marine Cetaceans by ICP-MS and Health Risk AssessmentSCIEI北大核心CSCD

The liver, kidney and muscle samples from seven cetaceans were digested by microwave digestion, and trace elements amounts of V, Cd, Cu, Zn, As, Cr, Ni, Mn, Se, Hg and Pb were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and the health risk assessment for Zn, Cu, Cd, Hg, Se in the liver was conducted. The results of international lobster hepatopancreas standard (TORT-2) showed acceptable agreement with the certified values, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of eleven kinds of trace elements were less than 3.54%, showing that the method is suitable for the determination of trace elements in cetaceans. The experimental results indicated that different tissues and organs of the dolphins had different trace elements, presenting the tissue specificity. There is a certain inter-species difference among different dolphins about the bioaccumulation ability of the trace elements. The distribution of trace elements in whales presented a certain regularity: the contents of most elements in liver, kidney were much higher than the contents of muscle tissues, Cu, Mn, Hg, Se, and Zn exhibit the higher concentrations in liver, while Cd was mainly accumulated in kidney. And according to the health risk assessment in liver, the exceeding standardrate of selenium and copper in seven kinds of whales was 100%, suggesting that these whales were suffering the contamination of trace elements. The experimental results is instructive to the study of trace elements in cetaceans, while this is the first report for the concentrations in organs of Striped dolphin, Bottlenose dolphin, Fraser's Dolphin and Risso's dolphin in China, it may provide us valuable data for the conservation of cetaceans.     

八节点等参元滑动接触算法的改进

分析认为采用八节点等参元计算滑动接触问题时,往往存在较大的接触应力计算误差的主要原因在于这种单元具有两种不同的节点。为此,本文提出了双模拟接触边界法,即分别采用两种不同的节点,形成两个模拟接触边界,并限制“从接触边界”上的节点只能和“主接触边界”上其同类节点形成的模拟接触边界形成接触关系,从而有效的减小了采用八节点等参元计算滑动接触问题时的误差。     

压-剪复合应力波作用下材料动态断裂韧性研究

提出亚微秒单脉冲应力波载荷作用下Ⅱ型裂纹的平板冲击实验技术 .加载率为dK dt～ 10 8MPa·m1 2 ·s-1.实验中由锰铜应力片和弹性波理论分别测定和计算了压应力 ;通过微观分析确定了动态裂纹的平均扩展长度 ;引进等效应力强度因子 ,用动态断裂理论确定了 6 0 #钢的动态断裂韧性KⅠd和KⅡd ;建立了亚微秒冲击载荷作用下确定材料动态断裂韧性的方法     

THE ANALYTICAL STUDY ON THE LASER INDUCED REVERSE－PLUGGING EFFECT BY USING THE CLASSICAL EIASTIC PLATE THEORY（I）─TEMPERATURE FIELDS

ＴＨＥＡＮＡＬＹＴＩＣＡＬＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＴＨＥＬＡＳＥＲＩＮＤＵＣＥＤＲＥＶＥＲＳＥ－ＰＬＵＧＧＩＮＧＥＦＦＥＣＴＢＹＵＳＩＮＧＴＨＥＣＬＡＳＳＩＣＡＬＥＩＡＳＴＩＣＰＬＡＴＥＴＨＥＯＲＹ（Ｉ）─ＴＥＭＰＥＲＡＴＵＲＥＦＩＥＬＤＳＺｈｏｕＹｉｃｈｕｎ...     

纤维树脂界面剪切强度及纤维强度分布参数的实验测定

界面剪切强度及纤维强度分布参数是复合材料设计及应用研究中的重要参数，本文采用单纤维段埋入法测定了上述两个参数。通过实验研究说明了单纤维段埋入法是一种测定界面剪切强度及纤维强度分布参数的有效的实验方法；同时证实了基体的力学性能对界面剪切强度有着重要的影响。全部实验在自制的实验系统上完成     

用试验室尺寸的试样预测混凝土及岩石结构的准脆性断裂

0Introduction Thefracturepropertiesofconcreteandrockmaterials,suchasfracturetoughnessKICand strengthfthavebeenofgreatinterestsformanyyearsbecauseoftheirimportantroleincontrolling thestructuralintegrityofvariousengineeringstructures[1-27].Varioustestingtec…     

THE ANALYTICAL STUDY ON THE LASER INDUCED REVERSE－PLUGGING EFFECT BY USING THE CLASSICAL ELASTIC PLATE THEORY（Ⅰ）－TEMPERATURE FIELDS

ＴＨＥＡＮＡＬＹＴＩＣＡＬＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＴＨＥＬＡＳＥＲＩＮＤＵＣＥＤＲＥＶＥＲＳＥ－ＰＬＵＧＧＩＮＧＥＦＦＥＣＴＢＹＵＳＩＮＧＴＨＥＣＬＡＳＳＩＣＡＬＥＬＡＳＴＩＣＰＬＡＴＥＴＨＥＯＲＹ（Ⅰ）－ＴＥＭＰＥＲＡＴＵＲＥＦＩＥＬＤＳＺｈｏｕＹｉｃｈｕｎ...